css如何实现车轨动画
本文讲解"css怎么实现车轨动画"，希望能够解决相关问题。
css实现车轨动画的方法：1、创建一个HTML文件，并定义div为“<div class="center"><div class="mountains"></div>...</div>”；2、设置CSS类为mountains和train；3、通过使用CSS3的动画属性及动画帧“@keyframes”实现车轨动画即可。
效果预览
代码实现
HTML代码
<div class="center">
<div class="mountains"></div>
<div class="train">
<div class="engine-front">
<div class="chimney">
<div class="smoke"></div>
<div class="smoke smoke-2"></div>
<div class="smoke smoke-3"></div>
<div class="smoke smoke-4"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="engine-body"></div>
<div class="compartment">
<div class="compartment-window"></div>
</div>
<div class="compartment compartment-two">
<div class="compartment-window"></div>
</div>
<div class="compartment compartment-three">
<div class="compartment-window"></div>
</div>
<div class="wheel-holder">
<div class="wheel"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-2">
<div class="wheel-joint"></div>
<div class="wheel-joint wheel-joint-2"></div>
</div>
<div class="wheel wheel-3"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-4"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-5"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-6"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-7"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-8"></div>
<div class="wheel wheel-9"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bridge"></div></div>
HTML代码的结构非常清晰，总体来讲分两部分，一部分是作为背景的明月、高山以及星空，对应的CSS类为mountains；另一部分则是行驶的火车，对应的CSS类为train。
对于火车部分则相对比较复杂，有车头、引擎、轨道、车轮、车厢等元素，下面的CSS代码中会一一讲解。
CSS代码
背景部分绘制了两座高山，一轮明月以及清澈的星空。
.mountains {
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
z-index: 1;}.mountains::before, .mountains::after {
background: #000c18;
background: -moz-linear-gradient(#012a53, #000c18 50%);
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#012a53, #000c18 50%);
background: -o-linear-gradient(#012a53, #000c18 50%);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(#012a53, #000c18 50%);
background: linear-gradient(#012a53, #000c18 50%);
content: "";
height: 100%;
position: absolute;}.mountains::before {
border-radius: 100% 300% 0 0;
left: -20%;
width: 57%;}.mountains::after {
border-radius: 300% 100% 0 0;
right: -20%;
width: 80%;}
然后就是火车轨道的桥梁部分，也十分简单
.bridge {
border-bottom: 0.3rem solid white;
border-top: 0.3rem solid white;
background: black;
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem, -webkit-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem;
background: -moz-linear-gradient(55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem, -moz-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem;
background: -o-linear-gradient(55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem, -o-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem;
background: -ms-linear-gradient(55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem, -ms-linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem;
background: linear-gradient(55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem, linear-gradient(-55deg, transparent 46%, white 46%, white 54%, transparent 54%) left/1.6rem 2.2rem;
bottom: 10rem;
height: 2.6rem;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
z-index: 1;}
在后面就是本动画的主体部分小火车了，其每一部分都有对应的CSS类来描述，请看代码：
.train {
animation: move-train 24s linear infinite;
bottom: 12.6rem;
height: 10rem;
position: absolute;
left: calc(100% + 1.3rem);
width: 44rem;
z-index: 1;}.engine-front, .engine-front::before, .engine-front::after {
background: #0f0f0f;
background: linear-gradient(0deg, #0f0f0f, #262626, #0f0f0f);
border: 0.1rem solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%;
border-right: none;}.engine-front {
animation: body-upDown 0.3s infinite;
border-radius: 0.5rem 0 0 0.5rem;
bottom: 1.4rem;
height: 4.6rem;
left: 0;
position: absolute;
width: 8rem;}.engine-front::before, .engine-front::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
height: 70%;
left: -0.9rem;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(0, -50%);
width: 0.8rem;}.engine-front::after {
height: 40%;
left: -1.4rem;
width: 0.5rem;}.chimney {
background: #990000;
height: 2.2rem;
left: 2.5rem;
position: absolute;
top: -2.3rem;
width: 1.7rem;}.chimney::before, .chimney::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;}.chimney::before {
animation: up-down 0.3s infinite;
border-bottom: none;
border-left: 0.5rem solid transparent;
border-right: 0.5rem solid transparent;
border-top: 0.8rem solid orange;
left: 50%;
top: -0.9rem;
transform: translate(-50%, 0);
width: 160%;}.smoke {
animation: move-smoke 0.4s linear infinite;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
border-radius: 50%;
height: 1.4rem;
left: 0.2rem;
position: absolute;
top: -1.5rem;
width: 0.8rem;
z-index: -1;}.smoke-2 {
animation-delay: 0.1s;
left: 0.4rem;}.smoke-3 {
animation-delay: 0.2s;
left: 0.6rem;}.smoke-4 {
left: 0.8rem;}.engine-body {
animation: body-upDown 0.3s 0.1s infinite;
background: #b30000;
background: linear-gradient(0deg, #330000, red, #990000);
border-radius: 0 0 0.4rem 0;
bottom: 1.4rem;
height: 7rem;
left: 8rem;
position: absolute;
width: 5rem;}.engine-body::before, .engine-body::after {
content: "";
left: 50%;
position: absolute;
transform: translate(-50%, 0);}.engine-body::before {
animation: up-down 0.3s 0.2s infinite;
background: #660000;
background: linear-gradient(0deg, #660000, #990000, #660000);
border-radius: 50% 50% 0 0;
height: 1.2rem;
top: -1.2rem;
width: 130%;}.engine-body::after {
background: #b3e0f2;
border-radius: 0.2rem;
height: 40%;
top: 1rem;
width: 45%;}.wheel::before, .wheel::after {
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);}.wheel-holder {
height: 2.8rem;
bottom: 0;
position: absolute;
width: 100%;}.wheel {
animation: rotate 2s linear infinite;
background: orange;
border: 0.3rem solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
border-radius: 50%;
height: 2.8rem;
left: 1rem;
position: absolute;
width: 2.8rem;}.wheel-2 {
left: 4.5rem;}.wheel-3 {
border-width: 0.5rem;
height: 3.8rem;
left: 8.7rem;
top: -1.1rem;
width: 3.8rem;}.wheel-4 {
left: 15.7rem;}.wheel-5 {
left: 19.5rem;}.wheel-6 {
left: 25.7rem;}.wheel-7 {
left: 29.5rem;}.wheel-8 {
left: 35.7rem;}.wheel-9 {
left: 39.5rem;}.wheel::before, .wheel::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;}.wheel::before {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
height: 86%;
width: 0.2rem;}.wheel::after {
background: #996300;
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(circle at center, #b37400 30%, #996300 30%);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle at center, #b37400 30%, #996300 30%);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle at center, #b37400 30%, #996300 30%);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(circle at center, #b37400 30%, #996300 30%);
background: radial-gradient(circle at center, #b37400 30%, #996300 30%);
border-radius: 50%;
height: 40%;
width: 40%;}.compartment {
animation: body-upDown 0.3s infinite;
background: #186c8e;
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(#104b63 50%, #1f8dba);
background: -moz-linear-gradient(#104b63 50%, #1f8dba);
background: -o-linear-gradient(#104b63 50%, #1f8dba);
background: -ms-linear-gradient(#104b63 50%, #1f8dba);
background: linear-gradient(#104b63 50%, #1f8dba);
border-radius: 0 0 0.3rem 0.3rem;
bottom: 1.4rem;
height: 5rem;
left: 15rem;
position: absolute;
width: 8rem;}.compartment-two {
animation: body-upDown 0.3s 0.1s infinite;
left: 25rem;}.compartment-two .compartment-window::before {
animation: up-down 0.3s 0.3s infinite;}.compartment-three {
animation: body-upDown 0.3s 0.2s infinite;
left: 35rem;}.compartment-three .compartment-window::before {
animation: up-down 0.35s infinite;}.compartment::before, .compartment::after {
background: black;
border: 0.4rem solid transparent;
bottom: 0.4rem;
box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
content: "";
height: 0.8rem;
position: absolute;
width: 0.9rem;}.compartment::before {
border-left: 0.4rem solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
left: -0.9rem;}.compartment::after {
border-right: 0.4rem solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
left: -2rem;}.compartment-window {
background: #1f8dba;
background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0.8rem, skyblue 0.8rem) left/2.4rem 100%;
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0.8rem, skyblue 0.8rem) left/2.4rem 100%;
background: -o-linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0.8rem, skyblue 0.8rem) left/2.4rem 100%;
background: -ms-linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0.8rem, skyblue 0.8rem) left/2.4rem 100%;
background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0.8rem, skyblue 0.8rem) left/2.4rem 100%;
height: 40%;
position: absolute;
top: 0.7rem;
width: 100%;}.compartment-window::before, .compartment-window::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;}.compartment-window::before {
animation: up-down 0.3s 0.1s infinite;
background: #104b63;
border-radius: 50% 50% 0 0;
height: 0.6rem;
left: 50%;
top: -1.4rem;
transform: translate(-50%, 0);
width: 110%;}
到这里为止，我们已经用HTML和CSS代码将整个小火车以及周围的环境都绘制出来了。
那么最重要的一步便是让这辆小火车在桥梁上行驶起来，这就要用到CSS3的一些动画属性了，CSS3的动画帧闪亮登场。
@keyframes up-down {
0%, 100% {
transform: translate(-50%, 0);
}
50% {
transform: translate(-50%, -0.3rem);
}}@keyframes rotate {
100% {
transform: rotate(-360deg);
}}@keyframes move-train {
100% {
transform: translateX(-154rem);
}}@keyframes body-upDown {
0%, 100% {
transform: translateY(0);
}
100% {
transform: translateY(-0.2rem);
}}@keyframes move-smoke {
0% {
-webkit-filter: blur(0);
-moz-filter: blur(0);
-o-filter: blur(0);
-ms-filter: blur(0);
filter: blur(0);
opacity: 1;
}
50% {
-webkit-filter: blur(0.2rem);
-moz-filter: blur(0.2rem);
-o-filter: blur(0.2rem);
-ms-filter: blur(0.2rem);
filter: blur(0.2rem);
opacity: 0.6;
transform: translate(0, -3rem) scale(2);
}
100% {
-webkit-filter: blur(0.3rem);
-moz-filter: blur(0.3rem);
-o-filter: blur(0.3rem);
-ms-filter: blur(0.3rem);
filter: blur(0.3rem);
opacity: 0;
transform: translate(2.5rem, -6rem) scale(3);
}}@keyframes wheel-joint {
100% {
transform: rotate(360deg);
}}
这些动画中做了几件事情：
- 让车厢盖子上下拍动，让动画小火车行驶的样子更加逼真。
- 利用滤镜，非常生动地描绘出了小火车行驶过程中蒸汽机引擎冒出的蒸汽。
- 让小火车整体在桥梁上周而复始地行驶，车轮也不停的转动。
关于 "css怎么实现车轨动画" 就介绍到此。希望多多支持编程宝库。
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